With the continuous improvement of robot performance and the rapid development of logistics and 3C industry, the application scope of AGV has also been greatly expanded and has been widely used in industry, agriculture, transportation, medical treatment, service and other fields. Therefore, mobile robot technology has attracted extensive attention all over the world. AGV robot is a transport vehicle equipped with electromagnetic or optical automatic guidance devices, which can travel along the specified guidance path and has safety protection and various transfer functions. It concentrates the research results of many disciplines, such as sensor technology, information processing, computer engineering, automation control engineering and artificial intelligence. It is one of the most active fields in the development of science and technology.

1、 What are the development advantages of AGV robot?

As one of the key equipment of modern storage system, AGV robot has the characteristics of high degree of automation, high sensitivity and safety. It greatly improves the working conditions and environment, improves the automatic production level, can effectively liberate the labor productivity, reduce the labor intensity of workers, and save human, material and financial resources.

In the automatic logistics system, compared with other equipment commonly used in material transportation, the advantage of AGV is that it does not need to lay tracks, supports and other fixed devices, and is not limited by site, road and space, which can fully reflect its own advantages. Realize efficient, economical and flexible unmanned production.

2、 Innovative technology, accurate positioning, realizing arbitrary track walking

As a branch of wheeled mobile robot, AGV robot's key technology is positioning and navigation. With the development of various technologies, the guidance technology of AGV is also being improved. At present, the commonly used guidance methods are: electromagnetic guidance, tape guidance, ribbon guidance and so on. The appearance of AGV robot greatly reduces people's labor intensity and labor cost. Make the logistics industry more intelligent and automated.

3、 Driving principle of AGV robot

1. DC motor drive management system

The DC motor drive system of AGV was basically driven by DC motor before the 1990s. DC motor itself has low efficiency and relatively large size and quality. The commutator and brush of DC motor drive system limit its speed rise, and the maximum speed is 6000-8000r / min. Because of this feature, except for small cars, electric vehicles rarely use DC motor drive system.

2. Induction motor drive

Induction motor was developed and combined with new technology in the 1990s. At present, it is still in the perfect stage. It has the advantages of high efficiency, small volume, small mass, simple structure, maintenance free, long service life and so on. The system has a wide speed regulation range and can effectively realize economic low-speed constant torque and high-speed constant power operation, but the cost of AC motor controller is relatively high.

3. AC drive system of permanent magnet synchronous motor

The last one is AC permanent magnet synchronous motor drive system, including a three-phase brushless DC motor and a permanent magnet synchronous motor. Compared with permanent magnet synchronous motor, brushless DC motor has higher driving efficiency. The volume is the smallest, the mass is the smallest, and there are no disadvantages such as DC motor commutator and brush. However, the cost of the drive system is very high, which is generally only used in low-power electric vehicles. Permanent magnet synchronous motor is the most promising high-performance motor at present, and is developing in the direction of electric vehicles.